Enterprise Network and Security Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Enterprise Network and Security Management. Answer: Introduction: Comparing and contrasting the OSI reference model with the TCP/IP model it can be found that both the models finds its use for network communication. The main difference between the OSI and the TCP/IP model is that the OSI model is not used in the practical field for communication because it is a conceptual model but the TCP/IP model is applied for the establishment of connection between the hosts connected in the network (Colin, Mathieu Nakechbandi, 2016). The TCP/IP model is based on client server architecture while the OSI reference model is a theoretical model. There are 4 layers in the TCP/IP model but the OSI model consists of the 7 layers. The TCP/IP model was developed by the department of defense and the OSI model was developed by the international standard organization (ISO). The OSI model is not tangible but the TCP/IP model is tangible. The TCPP/IP model is mostly used but the OSI model is never used in the network communication. From the above network models the OSI reference model is the most useful for describing the network because this model is based on the layering concept and each of the layers in the model have different functionality. A bottom up approach is followed and for transferring data packets in the network and it is flexible to handle different protocols used for communication in the network (Kori Rai, 2016). There are four layers in the TCP/IP model but in OSI model the layers are broken down into seven layers and it makes the TCP/IP model to rely on the OSI reference model. For the completion of the hands on project 2.3 the a web browser is opened and the URL www.gestioip.net/cgi-bin/subnet_calculator.cgi is inputted for determining the number of subnet mask that are required for supporting the specific subnet in an IPv4 network. The network address for the IP address 192.168.0.0 is defines with the help of the online subnet calculator tool. The instruction is followed as given on the requirement and a similar result is obtained and demonstrated in the following figure. The information generated from the subnet calculator are reviewed and the last two fields consists of the mapped IPv4 address and the 6 to 4 prefix that can be used for the configuration of the dual stack network. The configuration of the dual stack network is important for enabling communication with the IPv6 network. Calculation of host address range, broadcast address For proceeding with the hands on project 2.5 a web browser is opened and the URL www.subnet-calculator.com is inputted for the determination of the range of host address, broadcast address and the different values that can be used for an IP address. The website provides a detailed description of the network calculations and describes the usage of the wild card mask, broadcast address and the subnet range for configuration of a network. The maximum subnet drop down list is clicked to open and different values appears such as 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 and from them the 4 is selected and the new values are recorded. The calculation is done for the class c network address 192.168.0.1 and the following table is created. Subnet mask Subnet bits Mask Bits Hosts per subnet Host Address range Broadcast Address 255.255.255.192 2 26 62 192.168.0.1 - 192.168.0.62 192.168.0.63 On the selection of the Class network the IP address changes to 10.0.0.1 and the mask address is changed to 255.255.0.0 and thee new values for the subnet is given in the following table. Subnet calculation of IP 10.0.0.1 Subnet bits Maximum subnets Mask Bits Hosts per subnet Host Address range Broadcast Address 8 256 16 65534 10.0.0.1 - 10.0.255.254 10.0.255.255 When the class A address table is compared with the class C address table it is found that the IP address changes and range of the first octet also changes. For the class C subnet mask it cannot be changed to 255.255.255.0 and it starts from 255.255.255.0. The experiment is continued with the different class of IP address such as Class B and the changes in the values are noted such as the range of the IP address, Subnet ID and the broadcast address. It is network layer protocol that is used for the conversion of the IP address to the Mac address also known as the Ethernet address. If a physical address needs to be obtained by the host an ARP request is sent to the TCP/IP network and the reply is received with the physical address (Medhi Ramasamy, 2017). The application of the reverse ARP is used for getting the IP address of the host by broadcasting the physical address and a reply is received from the server with the IP address of the host. The Arp cache is used to maintain a map between the IP and the Mac address of the host and communicating using the ARP protocol. It carries the data packet to the specified IP address and used as a mediator between the network layer and the IP protocols. Case Study Task The network solution is designed for a medium sized organization named Foreshore IT Solutions for accommodation of the expansion. The network is designed such that the six branches of the organization are able to communicate with each other. A class A network address is used for the preparation of the network subnet plan. A single router is used for each of the department and the interface of the router is required to be configured following the network subnet plan. The network address plan is created for minimizing the wastage of the IP address and increase the efficiency of the solution. The subnet is created for increasing the security of the network and enabling better control on the hosts connected in each of the subnets of the proposed network solution. A prototype of the network is designed in cisco packet tracer and the network devices are configured according to the subnet plan for testing the connection between the different departments of the organization. A central router is deployed in the network for the management of the network traffic for each of the department of the organization. The router also needs to be configured with access control list such that the hosts connected in the network can be managed and monitored for increasing the security. The router is connected with a layer 3 switch and the servers are connected to it such that all the department can access the servers via the central router. The firewall is used for connecting the ISP with the internal network of the organization such that the unknown request can be blocked and the central res ources can be secured. Network Address solution Network Address:10.0.0.0/21 Number of IP address available for the network:2046 Required number of IP address:1130 Number of IP address available in the subnet:2036 Subnet Name Needed Size Allocated Size Mask Dec Mask Address Assignable Range Broadcast Head_Office 60 62 /26 255.255.255.192 10.0.7.128 10.0.7.129 - 10.0.7.190 10.0.7.191 Finance_office 260 510 /23 255.255.254.0 10.0.4.0 10.0.4.1 - 10.0.5.254 10.0.5.255 IT_Call Centre 520 1022 /22 255.255.252.0 10.0.0.0 10.0.0.1 - 10.0.3.254 10.0.3.255 Research_and_Development_Office 120 126 /25 255.255.255.128 10.0.7.0 10.0.7.1 - 10.0.7.126 10.0.7.127 Marketing_Department 40 62 /26 255.255.255.192 10.0.7.192 10.0.7.193 - 10.0.7.254 10.0.7.255 Information_Technology 130 254 /24 255.255.255.0 10.0.6.0 10.0.6.1 - 10.0.6.254 10.0.6.255 The address solution is created by calculating the subnet for each of the offices and allocating the range of IP address for connecting the hosts deployed in the network. Six DHCP pool is created with the range of the IP address and the IP used for the interface of the router are excluded from the IP address. Some extra IP address are kept in reserve for the accommodating the future growth of the organization. The central router needs to connect with the six sub network for connecting the offices and enabling the hosts to communicate with the other office network. The router is configured with static routing such that the paths between the routers are updated and reduce the consumption of the bandwidth and increase the efficiency of the network. Each of the branch office network are configured with VLAN such that the collision in the data traffic can be reduced. The IP route command is used with specifying the next hop address for the creation of point to point interface. If the number of hosts per subnet increases to 1024 there would be a need to re calculate the subnet plan and the following network address should be used for the accommodation of the new hosts in the network. The configuration interface of the router and the static routes must be cleared and the new IP address should be inputted for the configuration of the network. Subnet Name Needed Size Allocated Size Address Mask Dec Mask Assignable Range Broadcast Finance_office 1024 2046 10.0.0.0 /21 255.255.248.0 10.0.0.1 - 10.0.7.254 10.0.7.255 Head_Office 1024 2046 10.0.8.0 /21 255.255.248.0 10.0.8.1 - 10.0.15.254 10.0.15.255 IT_Call Centre 1024 2046 10.0.16.0 /21 255.255.248.0 10.0.16.1 - 10.0.23.254 10.0.23.255 Information_Technology 1024 2046 10.0.24.0 /21 255.255.248.0 10.0.24.1 - 10.0.31.254 10.0.31.255 Marketing_Department 1024 2046 10.0.32.0 /21 255.255.248.0 10.0.32.1 - 10.0.39.254 10.0.39.255 Research_and_Development_Office 1024 2046 10.0.40.0 /21 255.255.248.0 10.0.40.1 - 10.0.47.254 10.0.47.255 Conclusion The network solution is proposed for the Foreshore IT solution for increasing its efficiency and meet the current growth of the organization. The area of expansion and the requirement must be analyzed before deployment of the network. The hardware device installed in the network must be configured according the address solution prepared for the organization. In case of increase in the number of host the router needs to be reconfigured with the new address plan created for the network. For increasing the security of the network the traffic of the network must be monitored and all the network devices must be password protected such that the unauthorized users does not have access of the network configuration. Bibliography Colin, J. Y., Mathieu, H., Nakechbandi, M. (2016, May). A proposal for an open logistics interconnection reference model for a Physical Internet. In Logistics Operations Management (GOL), 2016 3rd International Conference on(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Edwards, J., Bramante, R. (2015).Networking self-teaching guide: OSI, TCP/IP, LANs, MANs, WANs, implementation, management, and maintenance. John Wiley Sons. Hamadneh, N., Murray, D. (2017, August). Private subnetting one (PS1), an algorithm for private IPv4 address allocation. InProceedings of the 7th International Conference on Information Communication and Management (pp. 40-44). ACM. IPv4/IPv6 subnet calculator and addressing planner. (2018).Gestioip.net. Retrieved 27 March 2018, from https://www.gestioip.net/cgi-bin/subnet_calculator.cgi Jafarian, J. H., Al-Shaer, E., Duan, Q. (2015, April). Adversary-aware IP address randomization for proactive agility against sophisticated attackers. InComputer Communications (INFOCOM), 2015 IEEE Conference on(pp. 738-746). IEEE. Kori, P., Rai, S. S. (2016). ANALYSIS OF NETWORK SECURITY THREATS AND VULNERABILITIES BY DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTATION OF A SECURITY NETWORK MONITORING SOLUTION.International Journal of Engineering, Management Medical Research (IJEMMR),2(8). Medhi, D., Ramasamy, K. (2017).Network routing: algorithms, protocols, and architectures. Morgan Kaufmann. Oppitz, M., Tomsu, P. (2018). Networks for Sharing and Connecting. InInventing the Cloud Century(pp. 97-129). Springer, Cham. Panko, J., Panko, R. R. (2015).Business data networks and security. Pearson Education. Porter, C. (2018).Online IP Subnet Calculator.Subnet-calculator.com. Retrieved 27 March 2018, from https://www.subnet-calculator.com/ Robertson, S., Alexander, S., Micallef, J., Pucci, J., Tanis, J., Macera, A. (2015, September). CINDAM: Customized information networks for deception and attack mitigation. InSelf-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops (SASOW), 2015 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 114-119). IEEE. Santos, M. G. M., Marcillo, P. A. A. (2018). Security in the data link layer of the OSI model on LANs wired Cisco.Journal of Science and Research: Revista Ciencia e Investigacin,3(CITT2017), 106-112. Shin, B. (2017). A Practical Introduction to Enterprise Network and Security Management. Wang, Y., Wang, H., Liu, L., Song, W., Lu, J. (2015, December). Research and implementation of network planning and design for community. InComputer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT), 2015 4th International Conference on(Vol. 1, pp. 847-850). IEEE.

Concept of Project Management Methodology-Myassignmenthlep.cm

Question: Discuss about the Concept of Project Management. Answer: Introduction The main objective of the literature review is To understand the concept of project management methodology for software development project. It will allow the reader to gain deeper understanding about the project management methodologies. The benefits and limitations of the methods can be studied and the most appropriate method for the software development project should be selected. The information has been collected from various sources such as books, articles, journals, online publications and previous research papers. As per Glaiel, Moulton and Madnick, 2014, Software development project consist of many integrated and functionally dependent activities which combines to form a new product. Software projects develop a product which has never been tested. The scope of the project changes many times which leads to delays and extended budgets. Furthermore, lack of communication between the management and software developers affects the deliverables and final outcome of the project (Heagney, 2016). The literature will be useful in selecting the framework which will provide a structured approach to achieve all the objectives of the project. The methodologies which can be used are: Agile methodology Agile is commonly used for software and IT projects. According to Glaiel, Moulton and Madnick, 2014, More than 35% of project manager have adopted agile in IT related projects due to its incremental model. There are four values which are included in Agile: interactions of individuals, working software, collaboration of customer and adapting to the change. As per to Moniruzzaman and Hossain, 2013, Agile methodology should be used is projects which are not well defined. It is suitable for projects which b involves human interactions and collection of data. It allows the manager to develop self managed teams which performs their task in an effective manner. The main benefits of adoption of Agile method is that it allows the manger to make changes as per the requirements of the project. The inputs and feedback is taken from the stakeholders and it is included in the process. Azim, et.al, 2016 suggests that Agile is useful where there is need for drastic shifts or change in the assignme nts of the team. It also ensures that each process is reviewed and tested before its launch. On the contrary, Morley, 2016 believes that It becomes difficult to assess the requirements and efforts in lager IT projects and its deliverables. It can be used only with smaller IT projects. Similarly, Nelson and Morris, 2014 pints out that, Agile lacks effective designing and documentation stages which can affect the performance of the project. Project management body of knowledge (PMBOK) Project management body of knowledge (PMBOK) is a traditional method which is generic in nature. It focuses on estimations of work, risk identification, dependencies, time scales and handling of different activities. It has various best practice principles which can be used to successfully complete the project. It includes 39 groups with 9 knowledge aspects (Banihashemi, Hosseini, and Sankaran, 2017). The areas of knowledge include time, cost, integration, scope, communication, quality risk, human resources and procurement. Along with this, The process of PMBOK consists of initiation, creation of plans, implementation, reviewing and monitoring, controlling and project closure. It provides resources to the manager which helps him to gain understanding about the requirements of the project. According to Nelson and Morris, 2014, PMBOK uses iterative environment and it is completely based on the requirements of the customers. On the contrary, Rahmanian, 2014 believes that PMBOK can incr ease rigidity in IT projects as it encompasses extra when applied. It considers the entire project as a single identity which increases complexities for the manger. Furthermore, it uses descriptive approach including governance thorough project sponsor and stakeholder which may not be suitable for the IT related projects (Bresnen, 2016). Software development project can be benefitted Due To This Approach Because It Allows Error Free Updating. Prince 2 PRINCE 2 provides a systematic and structured approach which allows the project manager to organize and control different activities in the project. It has 44 process groups which helps interaction between various activities. It can be easily integrated with different models such as ITIL, managing successful programs, OGC gateway and CMMI. Furthermore, it identifies the key risk areas in the project which can be used to reduce complexities in the entire project. As per the Turner, 2016, PRINCE 2 differentiates the roles of project manager and workers which helps in managing all the activities. It is completely a process driven methodology which can be useful for software development project. On the contrary, Banihashemi, Hosseini, and Sankaran, 2017 believes that PRINCE 2 is not appropriate for the iterative approach of development. It is completely different from PMBOK as it does not contain knowledge areas and processes. IPMA Competence baseline According to Leach, 2014, IPMA Competence baseline is a model which uses competencies, qualification, knowledge and experience of the project manager to attain the objectives. The project manager can develop his own practices which can be applied to the project. It can be useful in defining competencies such as contextual, technical and behavioral. Moniruzzaman and Hossain, 2013 states that ICB method is completely different from other methodologies because it allows the person to develop appropriate methods and techniques. It can be useful for the project because the project manager has through knowledge about the concerned project. But Glaiel, Moulton and Madnick, 2014 argues that ICB does not provide any specific approach or methods which should be applied to the project. Waterfall methodology Waterfall methodology is known for its linear sequential and life cycle based model. It require through analysis and planning at each stage. The requirements are defined in the initial stages which help in planning and creation of standards. It has many steps which consist of planning, development, quality assurance, monitoring and project completion. It follows a sequential process which ensures that all the deliverables are produced with high quality. Only after the analysis the next phase is started. As pe Rahmanian, 2014, Waterfall method should be used for software testing due to its systematic approach. It should be applied to those projects which has clear and well defined requirements. Banihashemi, Hosseini, and Sankaran, 2017 states that Waterfall method allows the manger to follow the schedules which does not overlapping of activities. But it does not allow customer interaction which is needed is software projects. Morley, 2016 argues that It is not possible to back and mak e changes in the plan which increases rigidity in the project. Software projects range from moderate to high risk. Waterfall method will not be suitable for this. It is successful where technology is clearly understood and less ambiguity is there. Apart from this, the cost of fixing the errors can be very costly for the manger which can cause delays. Scrum methodology Scrum methodology provides a framework to the manager which makes it easy to manage complex activities involved in the project. It was developed as a software development project. But now it is also used in new product development and innovative projects. It can be useful in quick development and testing of codes. According to Glaiel, Moulton and Madnick, 2014Scrum considers the feedback of the customers which allows it to make changes as per the requirements. Changes can be easily made which improves the performance of the project. Apart from this, it can be used with different technologies, systems and programming language. It not only improves the quality of the deliverables but also allows the manger to follow the schedules. But Walker, 2015 believes that Scrum can lead to scope creep situation because it does not have end date. It will encourage the stakeholders to demand more improvement and development is the existing system. It may not be possible for the manager to achieve this aspect of the project. Similarly, lack of commitment and support of the workers will result in failure of the entire project (Gollenia, 2016). IT should be only used when trust and collaboration exist between team members and the project manager. Conclusion The most appropriate method which should be applied to Software development project is Agile methodology. It will allow the project manager to bring relevant changes at very low cost. Agile model uses incremental approach which is produced at regular intervals. It does not require through planning which is needed in Waterfall method in the initial stages. The project manager of the Software development project can customize the process as per his requirement. It is not possible in PMBOK which increases rigidity in the process. Along with this, it does not rely on the knowledge and experience of the project manager which is used by IPMA Competence baseline method. Therefore, it will be beneficial for the project manager to use Agile methodology in the Software development project. It will have long term benefits which will improve the performance of the project. References Azim, N., et.al, 2016. People Factors in Agile Software Development and Project Management.International Journal of Emerging Technology in Computer Science Electronics (IJETCSE) ISSN, 0976-1353. Banihashemi, S., Hosseini, M.R., Golizadeh, H. and Sankaran, S., 2017. Critical success factors (CSFs) for integration of sustainability into construction project management practices in developing countries. International Journal of Project Management. Bresnen, M. (2016). Institutional development, divergence and change in the discipline of project management.International journal of project management,34(2), 328-338. Glaiel, F.S., Moulton, A. and Madnick, S.E., 2014. Agile project dynamics: A system dynamics investigation of agile software development methods. Gollenia, L.A., 2016. Business Transformation Management Methodology. Routledge. Heagney, J., 2016. Fundamentals of project management. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Heagney, J., 2016. Fundamentals of project management. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Konstantinou, E. and Mller, R., 2016. The role of philosophy in project management. Project Management Journal, 47(3), pp.3-11 Leach, L.P., 2014. Critical chain project management. Artech House Moniruzzaman, A.B.M. and Hossain, D.S.A., 2013. Comparative study on agile software development methodologies. arXiv preprint arXiv:1307.3356. Morley, C., 2016. Management d'un projet systme d'Information-8e d.: Principes, techniques, mise en oeuvre et outils. Dunod. Nelson, R.R. and Morris, M.G., 2014. IT Project Estimation: Contemporary Practices and Management Guidelines. MIS Quarterly Executive, 13(1). Rahmanian, M., 2014. A comparative study on hybrid IT project management. International Journal of Computer and Information Technology, 3(05), pp.1096-1099. Turner, R., 2016. Gower handbook of project management. Routledge. Walker, A., 2015. Project management in construction. John Wiley Sons.

Life After Essay and Term Papers 4-page Guide

Life After Essay and Term Papers 4-page Guide Regardless of the kind of paper, understanding the demands of the essay underlies the vital component to a fast and effortless management of your script. It is crucial to be aware that every institution may have specific guidelines on how best to compose a research paper. The next basic approaches are going to be a guide on the best way to structure your body paragraphs. A protracted essay on applied chemistry is dependent upon the chemical content. The introduction or the introductory paragraph is quite a relevant facet of your essay on account of the simple fact it states the principal idea of your composition. Once you have finished with your composition, it is quite important you take an instant and read over what you have written. Let's say that you're writing an essay on The important causes of Road Accidents in your City, it's obvious you're going to produce a few points. If you have any customer-service associated questions, however, you can be certain to attain a live representative! The title page has to contain some precise details about the research in a couple of words. The person is likely to forget some points. If you commence writing your term paper now, on the grounds of that plan, you will have much more work to do than if you devote a bit more time creating an adequate outline. While writing introduction students have to produce their readers aware regarding the key issues that are going to be thrown light in the expression paper and the method of doing this. Writing a draft first makes it possible for you to brainstorm ideas and locate the ideal voice for the content. Should you need expert writing help, don't hesitate to visit EssayPro.com. Research paper introduction writing guide is extremely significant for the students to aid them in such kind of assignments. You may discover that sometimes your university offers you the term paper title. Once students learn how to compose argumentative essay it's not hard to compose the other forms of essay by the students. It is also crucial for students as soon as it comes to English Language examinations. An increasing number of professional writers are registering for websites to provide their expertise at quite reduced prices. There are dozens and dozens of article directories online whose sole aim is to publish your content which means a growi ng number of people have the chance to check at your goods and services. The aid of a great custom writing service can work wonders for improving your educational progress. In the event you need assistance with research paper outline or some help with academic writing, don't hesitate to use our expert services. The american psychological association apa gives apa format as a means to organize research papers. You will have the ability to see many papers with distinctive styles. An individual can still discover the essay, however, in magazines that range from Newsweek to Cosmopolitan, together with in the editorial section of every newspaper. To order custom made essays or papers visit our website. The Honest to Goodness Truth on Essay and Term Papers 4-page Guide Writing an essay with Essay help can be a tough undertaking. As soon as you own a title for the write-up, it is extremely, very essential that the content of your article matches the title of the write-up. Researc h is critical as it assists choose the proper topic and compile the essential evidence required to put in your finest thoughts in the essay. Essay and Term Papers 4-page Guide Options You want to found your term paper on something which interests people. For instance, if you're writing an essay on How Global Warming can be decreased, it's going to be a great idea you take a minute to define what global warming is about in your introductory paragraph. Otherwise, maybe you've just provided a summary rather than creating an argument. Your thesis is quite a bit simpler to fit into a sentence when you've already got paragraphs for your principal points and they're in a superb order. When you get a term paper from us, you may rest assured that we'll carefully adhere to all the assignment instructions and supply you with a 100% error-free paper that will guarantee a great grade. As a result, if you need your assignment to be completed within a couple of hours, do not be afraid to s peak to us. The format isn't even essential, but it's good when you're starting out.

An Unequal Essay - What Makes This Type of Essay So Difficult to Write?

An Unequal Essay - What Makes This Type of Essay So Difficult to Write?It may be surprising that a Wheaton College inequality essay can be as difficult to write as it is, but the truth is that the college has a lot of incredible resources and talented teachers. The teachers at Wheaton College are committed to helping their students make good use of their talents and resources to learn how to effectively express themselves in writing.There are a number of interesting things to note about the school that I will cover in this article. One of these things is that the college is located in an incredibly beautiful place that overlooks a beautiful lake. I guess that if you were to find a place that is not a university, that would be a place that would be perfect for you to take your talents and express yourself in writing.Another great thing about the Wheaton College inequality essay is that the college provides its students with excellent academic resources to help them learn how to effect ively express themselves in writing. These resources are actually part of the college itself. You can see a wealth of information on the school's website in regards to academic resources. These resources are a great way to learn more about writing and ways to improve your work in the academic area.The Wheaton College inequality essay can also be much easier to write than some other types of essays that you might find yourself writing. What I mean by this is that the inequality essay is actually very straight forward. The main subject of the essay is something that can be easily defined. You don't have to research and you don't have to be specific about anything.The great thing about this is that it can be a lot easier to write. However, the great thing about this is that the challenge comes from the fact that you want to help others understand what you mean. Once you start learning how to effectively express yourself in writing it will become easier to write them, and easier to writ e in general. This will also help to build your confidence.Another important aspect of the inequality essay is that the essay itself is very short. Usually, when a person has the opportunity to write something like this it will be written within forty pages. This means that if you are having trouble writing a shorter essay, you will have trouble writing this one.Lastly, the essays that you write here at Wheaton College can be turned into an examination. This means that you can have them turned in for school credit or even something as simple as a practice test. Either way, if you are feeling confident enough to take a test it will make you feel more confident. This is why it is so important to read the sample essays before you begin writing your own.Overall, the Wheaton College inequality essay can be a really fun way to practice the skills that you will need to write more challenging papers in the future. It can also be a great way to test your own writing skills and to see how muc h you are capable of.

Risk Management and Its Types

Introduction Risk management refers to the process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks, as well as consequent application of measures to monitor, minimize, and control their effects (Frame 53).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Risk Management and Its Types specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Risks emanate from several occurrences such as financial uncertainties, project failures, legal liabilities, credit difficulties, accidents, and other unpredictable events. Risk management standards apply avoidance of risks by organizations. Methods, goals, and definitions of risk standards depend on field of application. Types of risks include social risks, operational risks, financial risks, credit risks, currency risks, quantitative risks, market risks, and project risks (Frenkel and Rudolf 26). Types of risk management differ based on an organization’s goals, objectives, and operations. Risk management pl ays a vital role in promoting organizational growth and success. Operational risks Operational risks refer to risks encountered by organizations owing loses experienced from execution of internal activities. Operational risk management focuses on mitigating risks incurred due to operations executed by organizational systems and people. Operational risks include fraud, physical risks, and legal risks (Hutter and Power 33). Basel II regulations define operational risk as probability of an organization’s exposure to failures in operations, systems, or people due to certain events external to an organization (Frenkel and Rudolf 36). The difference between operational risk management and other types of risk management is that operational risk management does not earn profits for organizations. Organizations are aware that people, systems, and organizational processes are prone to errors that expose them to losses.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The degree of losses that an organization is willing and ready to handle determines its ability to manage operational risk (Hutter and Power 34). Types of operational risks include employee errors, system failures, fraud, criminal activity, and natural disasters such as floods and fire (Hutter and Power 35). Internal processes such as employee training, staff development, media communication, stakeholder management, and product or service development are common sources of operational risks (Hopkin 31). Other examples include employment practices, execution and process management, workplace safety, and business practices (Khatta 34). Operational risk arises from failures or weaknesses in these processes (Frenkel and Rudolf 29). For example, if employee training does not give desired results or stakeholder management does not meet goals and objectives, operational risks arise. Attributes of operational risks in clude emotional effects, financial loses, increased costs, reduced productivity, reduced effectiveness and efficiency, and poor results. Social risk Social risk refers to risks encountered due to factors such as age, gender, religion, culture, and race (Khatta 39). Social risk management refers to a framework that focuses on preventing people from effects of social risks by presenting protective and coping strategies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Risk Management and Its Types specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to research, poor people are the most vulnerable to effects of social risks (Hopkin 44). Several classes of factors expose individuals to social risks. Examples include health, life cycle, economic situation, environmental aspects, as well as administrative and political factors (Khatta 42). Health risks expose individuals to injuries, disabilities, and illnesses. In extreme cases, people are ex posed to pandemics that have severe effects. Life cycle is associated with birth, age, and death. Economic situation determines availability of employment opportunities to individuals. Discrimination is one of the risks experienced under administrative and political factors. Discrimination leads to politically induced malpractices such as denial of social privileges such as human rights and freedom (Schutt 82). Discrimination is also associated with religion and race. Attributes of social risks include lack of cohesion in communities, racial and social segregation, religious intolerance, and division of people into socio-economic groups (Khatta 53). Gender is another common aspect of social risk. Researchers from the University of Amsterdam and Columbia Business School found out that women take fewer risks than men (Hopkin 54). In comparison, women perceive risks to be higher in the financial and ethical areas but lower in the social arena. Women take more social risks than men, whi le men take more financial risks than women.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Social risks that women take include advancing careers at advanced ages and giving their opinions regarding religion or gender equality at meetings and in public (Hopkin 55). Men and women behave differently when faced with social risks. This difference in behavior is attributed to varying perception of social risk (Schutt 89). Each gender perceives risk as less or more risky depending on length of exposure. Conclusion Risk refers to probability that a certain activity will lead to a certain loss. On the other hand, risk management refers to the process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks, as well as consequent application of measures to monitor, minimize, and control effects. Risks emanate from several occurrences such as financial uncertainties, failure of projects, legal liabilities, credit difficulties, accidents, and other unpredictable events. Two common types of risks include social risk and operational risk. Operational risk is associated with risks encountered by organizations owing to execution of internal activities. It focuses on risks incurred due to operations executed by organizational systems and people. Social risk refers to risk associated with religion, gender, race, place of origin, age, and socioeconomic class. Works Cited Frame, James. Managing Risk in Organizations: A Guide for Managers. New York: John Wiley Sons, 2009. Print. Frenkel, Michael, and Rudolf Markus. Risk Management: Challenge and Opportunity. New Opportunity: Springer, 2007. Print. Hutter, Bridget, and Power Michael. Organizational encounters with Risk. London: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Print. Hopkin, Paul. Fundamentals of Risk Management: Understanding, Evaluating, and  Implementing Effective Risk Management. New York: Kogan page Publisher, 2012. Print. Khatta, Robert. Risk Management. New York: Global India Publications, 2001. Print. Schutt, Harold. Risk Management: Concepts and Guidance. New York: DIANE Publishing, 2003. Print. This essay on Risk Management and Its Types was written and submitted by user John Webb to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Writing an Essay Topic: The Importance of Revising Your Poverty Outline Essay Topics

Writing an Essay Topic: The Importance of Revising Your Poverty Outline Essay TopicsIf you are planning to write a Poverty Outline Essay Topic, you may be asking yourself what the importance of it is. Some people think that they should be so proud of themselves for writing an outline because they did not have to revise it before they submitted it. But, the truth is that you need to revise the outline as much as possible before you submit it. In fact, you can do this with the help of some online resources, which I will give you in this article.The best resource you can use in order to revise your Poverty Outline Essay Topic before you send it in is an online essay editing service. You can go to the online essay editing website and apply to them. You will be asked to pay for the services, but it is an affordable one that you can get for free.The online editor will be able to read your essay and then edit it according to your request. They will be able to correct the spelling and gramma r mistakes, as well as the other errors they find in your topic. They will also be able to remove unnecessary and redundant sentences, as well as the unnecessary wordings.They will also be able to improve your Poverty Outline Essay Topics by rewording it so that it will make sense. They will even be able to rewrite it into a format that you can understand more easily. You will then just have to send your topic back to them and wait for their reply.The best part about this submission process is that it does not cost you anything. You are not required to pay for it, which makes it even more convenient. It is a free service offered by many online essay editors, but some of them charge a small fee for the service.You will just have to sign up at the online editor's website and the editing service will take care of everything for you. It is quick and easy to use, and the online editor will be able to get back to you with your essay topic faster than you can imagine. This is definitely a service that you should consider utilizing if you want to publish your own writing on the internet.Once you have sent your topic to the online editor, he or she will be able to contact you so that you will know when your topic will be published on the internet. This will also save you from wasting time and effort because you will know that your topic is being published before you are even aware of it.So, now you know the importance of using online resources to help you revise your Poverty Outline Essay Topics. Try this service and see for yourself how much time and effort you will be saving by using these online resources.

How to Write a French Essay - Helpful Essay Writing Tips

How to Write a French Essay - Helpful Essay Writing TipsHow to write a French essay is a question asked by many students. There are several steps that are involved in writing and submitting the essay. Here are some tips to help you along the way.The first step you will need to take is to learn how to type English. It is very important that you learn how to type the correct way. This means that you need to make sure that you use letters of the alphabet correctly. For example, try to think of what letter you would use if you were writing a sentence or a question. You can simply type this letter as a word on your keyboard, such as 'v 'd 'j'.Use the corresponding key to write the correct way. There is another way you can learn to type correctly; all you have to do is to find a video. In a video, you will be taught how to type like a pro.You will also want to familiarize yourself with the keyboard layout. In most homes, there are magazines that come with a keyboard, which include a comple te English language course.You can also learn French through online tutorials. There are a number of websites that are made for learning, which will teach you how to write a French essay using only the keyboard. There are also sites that can guide you through making a French dictionary. These are great resources, because they allow you to learn without having to spend your time taking tests.Another useful resource is a book that can help you study. This would include books for history, literature, and geography. Many people, however, do not realize that textbooks can actually be very helpful to learn something new, especially if you do not have access to a computer.Keep in mind that learning the basics of the English language will be very helpful when it comes to learning how to write a French essay. Having basic knowledge is also a benefit when you are looking to enter a French speaking country.